Friedrich Nietzsche (1844–1900) was a German philosopher, cultural critic, and philologist known for his critiques of religion, morality, and traditional philosophy. His ideas deeply influenced existentialism, postmodernism, and many other philosophical movements.
Some of his key concepts include
- The Will to Power – A fundamental driving force in humans, beyond mere survival or reproduction.
- The Übermensch (Overman/Superman) – An ideal individual who transcends conventional morality and creates their own values.
- God is Dead – A provocative statement about the decline of religious belief in the modern world.
- Eternal Recurrence – A thought experiment suggesting that life might repeat infinitely, challenging people to live in a way they'd be willing to experience forever.
Nietzsche's works, such as Thus Spoke Zarathustra, Beyond Good and Evil, and The Genealogy of Morals, are still widely read today. His ideas were often misinterpreted or co-opted (e.g., by the Nazis, despite his opposition to nationalism and anti-Semitism). His writings remain influential in philosophy, psychology, literature, and political thought.
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